The Spectrum

Every company falls somewhere.

Working models, scaling models, in-progress, restructuring, broken. The audited filings sort companies into one of five categories. Pick a column to see who fits.

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Flipkart · Forensic Read

UnpopularVoice
FY25 intercompany loans from Flipkart India₹24,753 Cr
FY25 rights issue from Walmart Singapore₹3,249 Cr
Post-balance-sheet bonus share split101:1
NCLT Principal Bench sanctioned the schemeDec 2025

Source: Annual filings, Registrar of Companies

E-COMMERCE / MARKETPLACE PLATFORM  ·  3 October 2026

The Flipkart App Just Became the Parent of Flipkart.

TL;DR

  • –Flipkart Internet Private Limited, the Bengaluru-registered consumer-marketplace entity, is now the principal holding company for the entire Flipkart group in India. This is the result of a reverse flip from Singapore completed in March 2026.
  • –The composite Scheme of Arrangement was lodged with the NCLT Bengaluru bench and the General Division of the High Court of the Republic of Singapore on 22 May 2025. The NCLT principal bench sanctioned the scheme on 12 December 2025. The Singapore holding entities that previously sat above Flipkart Internet (Flipkart Marketplace Private Limited and Flipkart Private Limited) have been merged into it.
  • –The FY25 audit for Flipkart Internet captures the entity's pre-flip state. Revenue grew 14% to ₹20,493 Cr. Net loss narrowed 37% to ₹1,494 Cr. The post-year-end notes show where the restructuring architecture appears.
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Editorial matchups

Two companies. Same business. Different ending.

Two rivals in the same category, compared on their audited filings. Same revenue base, different outcomes.

D2C Beauty / Brand Aggregator / Marketplace

One Beauty Aggregator. One Single Brand. One Marketplace. Three Outcomes.

Three beauty companies at their last available audit. The Good Glamm Group tried to build a beauty conglomerate by acquiring eight brands in twelve months and is now in insolvency proceedings. Sugar Cosmetics stayed a vertically-integrated single-brand D2C, and in FY25 it contracted 21% while losses doubled. Purplle ran a hybrid marketplace-plus-private-labels model, and in FY25 it doubled revenue to ₹1,367 Cr while keeping advertising flat, compressing its ad-intensity from 31% to 16% and its loss by 44%. Only the marketplace model showed the operating leverage that the D2C beauty thesis originally promised.

Read the comparison →

Direct-to-Consumer Apparel

Snitch Tripled Payroll. BlissClub Cut It 43%. Same Year, Same Category.

Two Indian D2C apparel brands, audited for the same FY2025 period, executing structurally opposite operating playbooks. Snitch (men's fashion, Karnataka-incorporated 2022) doubled revenue to ₹498 Cr, grew payroll 270% from ₹18 Cr to ₹65 Cr, doubled advertising, and flipped from a ₹4.4 Cr profit to a ₹1.7 Cr loss. BlissClub (women's activewear, Karnataka-incorporated 2020) grew revenue 51% to ₹132 Cr and halved its loss from ₹44 Cr to ₹20 Cr by cutting payroll 43% (₹31 Cr to ₹18 Cr) while keeping advertising in growth mode. Each playbook fits the entity's stage: Snitch had the capital cushion to invest aggressively; BlissClub had the capital pressure to compress costs. Two cost-side decisions made in the same audit period at structurally different stages.

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Wealth, fixed-income and investment-platform fintechs

WintWealth's Loan Book Grew ₹172 Cr. Dezerv Spent ₹111 Cr on Salaries. Stable Money Kept ₹3.58 Cr of ₹104 Cr.

Three Indian fintechs in broadly the wealth, fixed-income and investment-platform category. The FY2025 audits show three structurally different shapes. WintWealth operates an online bond platform alongside an embedded lending entity; its consolidated loan book expanded ₹172 Cr in FY25, broadly matching the year's operating cash absorption. Dezerv operates an HNI-focused wealth-advisory platform; ₹111 Cr of employee benefits in FY25 ran 1.7x revenue, reflecting an advisory-delivery model where senior bankers and relationship managers are the product. Stable Money operates a fixed-income distribution platform; ₹104 Cr of reported revenue at consolidated level translates to ₹3.58 Cr of standalone retained income, an implied retained-income ratio on reported gross revenue of approximately 0.34%. The three entities cannot be compared on cost-to-income because each reports revenue on a structurally different basis.

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Co-branded credit-card fintechs

OneCard Spent ₹116 to Earn ₹100. Scapia Spent ₹305. Kiwi Spent ₹766.

Three Indian fintechs operating co-branded credit cards in partnership with issuing banks. The FY2025 audits show the same broad co-branded credit-card category at three different scale points. Kiwi at ₹3.83 Cr revenue reported ₹7.66 of cost per ₹1 of income. Scapia at ₹40.42 Cr reported ₹3.05. OneCard at ₹1,877.75 Cr reported ₹1.16. The reported cost-per-rupee-earned compresses with scale across these filings, though exact comparability depends on revenue recognition and bank-partner share treatment. Each entity has product differences (Kiwi is UPI-on-credit-card; Scapia is travel-led; OneCard is general-purpose) and the bank-partner revenue share is disclosed explicitly only at OneCard.

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E-Pharmacy / Diagnostics Platforms

PharmEasy Built by Acquisition. Tata 1mg Built by One Parent.

Two Indian consumer-health groups, audited for the same FY2025 period. PharmEasy (API Holdings Limited) continued expanding through multi-entity acquisitions: 31 consolidated subsidiaries including Thyrocare, Nueclear, Docon, and ~28 pharma-distribution entities, with gross goodwill of ₹8,364 Cr and ₹4,850 Cr (58%) impaired to date. Tata 1mg's (Tata 1mg Technologies Pvt Ltd) post-acquisition expansion happened largely within a single-parent structure: 100% owned by Tata Digital, with consolidated goodwill of just ₹5.93 Cr at the operating-group layer. Broadly the same consumer-health thesis, two different legal and entity pathways for capital deployment, two audit shapes. Both still loss-making at the consolidated level.

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Ride-Hailing Platforms

Rapido Grew. Uber Reclassified. Ola Contracted.

Three Indian ride-hailing audits, the same FY2025 reporting period, three different reasons the numbers look the way they do. Rapido scaled. Uber India's Rides segment revenue collapsed on a recognition shift. Ola's standalone revenue halved on real operating contraction plus a separate ₹1,279 Cr Ola Electric markdown through OCI.

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Flipkart₹82,787 CrFY25 revenue (+17%)·Flipkart-37%Net loss reduction YoY (consolidated)·Flipkart₹24,753 CrFY25 intercompany loans from Flipkart India·BigBasket-₹1,851 CrNet loss FY25 (widest on record)·Meesho96.87%Meesho Inc (Delaware) ownership of Meesho Ltd (India) at FY25 close·Meesho₹0Balance sheet borrowings at FY25 close·Meesho₹0 → ₹9,388 CrRevenue trajectory FY16 to FY25·Meesho₹1,409 CrCombined founder remuneration (FY25)·Meesho₹9,388 CrRevenue from operations (+23% YoY)·Swish₹4 CrRevenue from operations (9-month stub year)·Country Delight₹775 CrRevenue from operations (+43% YoY)·BlissClub₹132 CrRevenue from operations (+51% YoY)·Snitch₹498 CrRevenue from operations (+106% YoY)·CashKaro₹341 CrRevenue from operations (+21% YoY)·LendenClub₹227 CrRevenue from operations (+28% YoY)·INDmoney₹164 CrConsolidated revenue (+133% YoY)·InCred Holdings₹1,874 CrConsolidated revenue (+47% YoY)·WintWealth₹45 CrConsolidated revenue (+159% YoY)·Stashfin₹710 CrTotal revenue from operations (-9.8% YoY)·Faircent₹27 CrRevenue from operations (FY25, -42% YoY)·Redcliffe Labs₹431 CrConsolidated revenue (+23.7% YoY)·Tata 1mg₹2,353 CrConsolidated revenue (+19.6% YoY)·Orange Health₹84 CrRevenue from operations (+84% YoY)·HealthifyMe₹178 CrRevenue from operations (-14% YoY)·Healthians+8.7%Revenue growth FY2025·PharmEasy₹5,872 CrConsolidated revenue (+3.7% YoY)·Furlenco+66%Revenue growth FY2025·Amazon-89%Net loss reduction YoY·Ola-47.5%Revenue from operations YoY·Uber India-89%Rides segment revenue YoY·Google Pay₹50 CrFY2025 PAT (-55%)·Vedantu₹227 CrFY25 Revenue (Consol, +23%)·upGrad₹1,569 CrFY25 Revenue (Consol, +5.5%)·Myntra₹6,043 CrFY2025 Revenue (+18%)·Scaler₹363 CrFY2025 Revenue (-5%)·Fresh2Home₹421 CrFY2025 Revenue (+14%)·Captain Fresh₹3,421 CrConsolidated Revenue (+145%)·Plum (Pureplay Skin Sciences)₹402 CrFY2025 Revenue (+23%)·mCaffeine₹237 CrFY2025 Revenue (+23%)·BRND.ME₹374 CrFY2025 Revenue (-25%)·Purplle₹1,367 CrFY2025 Revenue (Consol)·Pilgrim₹408 CrFY2025 Revenue·Renee₹312 CrFY2025 Revenue·Snapmint₹151 CrConsolidated Revenue·Unacademy₹702 CrConsolidated Revenue·SuperTails₹120 CrFY2025 Revenue·Zeta₹599 CrFY2025 Revenue·UpperCase₹83 CrFY2025 Revenue·RentoMojo₹266 CrFY2025 Revenue·ShareChat₹723 CrRevenue (Flat)·MoneyView₹2,339 CrConsolidated Revenue·Dhan₹877 CrFY2025 Revenue·CarDekho₹2,643 CrConsolidated Revenue·Licious₹775 CrFY2025 Revenue·OneCard₹1,878 CrFY2025 Revenue·BookMyShow₹1,831 CrConsolidated Revenue·Sahi₹5 LakhRevenue From Customers·PocketFM₹580 CrFY2025 Revenue·GIVA₹519 CrFY2025 Revenue·KukuFM₹258 CrFY2025 Revenue·Plum₹66.98 CrConsolidated Revenue FY2025 (+62% YoY)·Zetwerk₹8,540 CrFY2025 Standalone Revenue (-27% YoY)·Blue Tokai Coffee₹325 CrRevenue FY2025 (+51%)·Infra.Market₹6,053 CrStandalone Revenue FY2025·Third Wave Coffee₹269 CrRevenue FY2025 (flat from ₹241 Cr in FY2024)·CheQ₹84 CrRevenue FY2025 (+487% YoY)·Acko₹118 CrStandalone Revenue FY2025 (flat YoY)·Noise₹1,048 CrRevenue FY2025 (–24% YoY)·UltraHuman₹542 CrRevenue FY2025 (+447% YoY)·Spinny₹4,650 CrConsolidated Turnover FY2025·MyGate₹173 CrRevenue FY2025 (+80% YoY)·FamPay₹44.46 CrRevenue FY2025 (+184% YoY)·Slice₹604 CrTotal Income FY2025 (Year 1 as bank)·BharatPe₹1,667 CrRevenue FY2025 (+17% YoY)·Chaayos₹305 CrRevenue FY2025 (+23% YoY)·Chai Point₹208 CrRevenue FY2025 (+4.3% YoY)·Kissht₹306 CrRevenue FY2025 (-26% YoY)·Zerodha₹8,810 CrRevenue FY2025 (-11.5% from record FY2024)·Razorpay₹2,254 CrTotal Revenue FY2025 (inc. discontinued)·PhonePe₹6,544 CrRevenue FY2025 (+33% YoY)·Porter₹4,287 CrRevenue FY2025 (+57% YoY)·Rapido₹910 CrRevenue FY2025 (+40% YoY)·Zepto₹4,455 CrRevenue FY2024 (+120% YoY)·OYO₹6,253 CrConsolidated revenue FY2025·Sugar Cosmetics₹405 CrFY2025 total income (standalone)·Upstox₹1,150 CrFY2024 revenue from operations·boAt₹3,063 CrStandalone revenue FY2025·CRED₹2,397 CrFY2024 consolidated revenue from operations·Navi−₹126 CrFY2025 net loss (continuing ops)·Kiwi₹64.18 CrFY2025 net loss·Dezerv₹65.62 CrFY2025 consolidated revenue·Jar₹188.78 CrTotal income FY2025·Scapia₹40.42 CrTotal income FY2025·Super MoneyRs 93.97 CrTotal income FY2025·Stable MoneyRs 104.4 CrReported revenue·Flipkart₹82,787 CrFY25 revenue (+17%)·Flipkart-37%Net loss reduction YoY (consolidated)·Flipkart₹24,753 CrFY25 intercompany loans from Flipkart India·BigBasket-₹1,851 CrNet loss FY25 (widest on record)·Meesho96.87%Meesho Inc (Delaware) ownership of Meesho Ltd (India) at FY25 close·Meesho₹0Balance sheet borrowings at FY25 close·Meesho₹0 → ₹9,388 CrRevenue trajectory FY16 to FY25·Meesho₹1,409 CrCombined founder remuneration (FY25)·Meesho₹9,388 CrRevenue from operations (+23% YoY)·Swish₹4 CrRevenue from operations (9-month stub year)·Country Delight₹775 CrRevenue from operations (+43% YoY)·BlissClub₹132 CrRevenue from operations (+51% YoY)·Snitch₹498 CrRevenue from operations (+106% YoY)·CashKaro₹341 CrRevenue from operations (+21% YoY)·LendenClub₹227 CrRevenue from operations (+28% YoY)·INDmoney₹164 CrConsolidated revenue (+133% YoY)·InCred Holdings₹1,874 CrConsolidated revenue (+47% YoY)·WintWealth₹45 CrConsolidated revenue (+159% YoY)·Stashfin₹710 CrTotal revenue from operations (-9.8% YoY)·Faircent₹27 CrRevenue from operations (FY25, -42% YoY)·Redcliffe Labs₹431 CrConsolidated revenue (+23.7% YoY)·Tata 1mg₹2,353 CrConsolidated revenue (+19.6% YoY)·Orange Health₹84 CrRevenue from operations (+84% YoY)·HealthifyMe₹178 CrRevenue from operations (-14% YoY)·Healthians+8.7%Revenue growth FY2025·PharmEasy₹5,872 CrConsolidated revenue (+3.7% YoY)·Furlenco+66%Revenue growth FY2025·Amazon-89%Net loss reduction YoY·Ola-47.5%Revenue from operations YoY·Uber India-89%Rides segment revenue YoY·Google Pay₹50 CrFY2025 PAT (-55%)·Vedantu₹227 CrFY25 Revenue (Consol, +23%)·upGrad₹1,569 CrFY25 Revenue (Consol, +5.5%)·Myntra₹6,043 CrFY2025 Revenue (+18%)·Scaler₹363 CrFY2025 Revenue (-5%)·Fresh2Home₹421 CrFY2025 Revenue (+14%)·Captain Fresh₹3,421 CrConsolidated Revenue (+145%)·Plum (Pureplay Skin Sciences)₹402 CrFY2025 Revenue (+23%)·mCaffeine₹237 CrFY2025 Revenue (+23%)·BRND.ME₹374 CrFY2025 Revenue (-25%)·Purplle₹1,367 CrFY2025 Revenue (Consol)·Pilgrim₹408 CrFY2025 Revenue·Renee₹312 CrFY2025 Revenue·Snapmint₹151 CrConsolidated Revenue·Unacademy₹702 CrConsolidated Revenue·SuperTails₹120 CrFY2025 Revenue·Zeta₹599 CrFY2025 Revenue·UpperCase₹83 CrFY2025 Revenue·RentoMojo₹266 CrFY2025 Revenue·ShareChat₹723 CrRevenue (Flat)·MoneyView₹2,339 CrConsolidated Revenue·Dhan₹877 CrFY2025 Revenue·CarDekho₹2,643 CrConsolidated Revenue·Licious₹775 CrFY2025 Revenue·OneCard₹1,878 CrFY2025 Revenue·BookMyShow₹1,831 CrConsolidated Revenue·Sahi₹5 LakhRevenue From Customers·PocketFM₹580 CrFY2025 Revenue·GIVA₹519 CrFY2025 Revenue·KukuFM₹258 CrFY2025 Revenue·Plum₹66.98 CrConsolidated Revenue FY2025 (+62% YoY)·Zetwerk₹8,540 CrFY2025 Standalone Revenue (-27% YoY)·Blue Tokai Coffee₹325 CrRevenue FY2025 (+51%)·Infra.Market₹6,053 CrStandalone Revenue FY2025·Third Wave Coffee₹269 CrRevenue FY2025 (flat from ₹241 Cr in FY2024)·CheQ₹84 CrRevenue FY2025 (+487% YoY)·Acko₹118 CrStandalone Revenue FY2025 (flat YoY)·Noise₹1,048 CrRevenue FY2025 (–24% YoY)·UltraHuman₹542 CrRevenue FY2025 (+447% YoY)·Spinny₹4,650 CrConsolidated Turnover FY2025·MyGate₹173 CrRevenue FY2025 (+80% YoY)·FamPay₹44.46 CrRevenue FY2025 (+184% YoY)·Slice₹604 CrTotal Income FY2025 (Year 1 as bank)·BharatPe₹1,667 CrRevenue FY2025 (+17% YoY)·Chaayos₹305 CrRevenue FY2025 (+23% YoY)·Chai Point₹208 CrRevenue FY2025 (+4.3% YoY)·Kissht₹306 CrRevenue FY2025 (-26% YoY)·Zerodha₹8,810 CrRevenue FY2025 (-11.5% from record FY2024)·Razorpay₹2,254 CrTotal Revenue FY2025 (inc. discontinued)·PhonePe₹6,544 CrRevenue FY2025 (+33% YoY)·Porter₹4,287 CrRevenue FY2025 (+57% YoY)·Rapido₹910 CrRevenue FY2025 (+40% YoY)·Zepto₹4,455 CrRevenue FY2024 (+120% YoY)·OYO₹6,253 CrConsolidated revenue FY2025·Sugar Cosmetics₹405 CrFY2025 total income (standalone)·Upstox₹1,150 CrFY2024 revenue from operations·boAt₹3,063 CrStandalone revenue FY2025·CRED₹2,397 CrFY2024 consolidated revenue from operations·Navi−₹126 CrFY2025 net loss (continuing ops)·Kiwi₹64.18 CrFY2025 net loss·Dezerv₹65.62 CrFY2025 consolidated revenue·Jar₹188.78 CrTotal income FY2025·Scapia₹40.42 CrTotal income FY2025·Super MoneyRs 93.97 CrTotal income FY2025·Stable MoneyRs 104.4 CrReported revenue·

100+

Companies analysed

FY2025

Primary dataset

Audited

Audited public source

Zero

Press releases used

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